Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address


Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address
Students explore how the Election of 1864 and the soldier vote shaped support for Lincoln’s leadership, then examine how his Second Inaugural Address described the Civil War’s cost and called for unity and reconciliation.

This learning experience is designed for device-enabled classrooms. The teacher guides the lesson, and students use embedded resources, social media skills, and critical thinking skills to actively participate. To get access to a free version of the complete lesson, sign up for an exploros account.

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Here are the teacher pack items for Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address:

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Overview

In this experience, students examine how Abraham Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address reflected the challenges of leadership, unity, and reconciliation at the end of the Civil War. First, students consider how leaders can help bring people together during or after conflict and explore how words and actions can either ease tensions or deepen division. Next, students learn about the Election of 1864 to understand why Lincoln’s re-election was uncertain, how political divisions and battlefield events shaped public opinion, and how the soldier vote and absentee voting played a critical role in the outcome. Then, students closely read Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address to analyze how he described the war, its cost, and how Americans should respond to its effects, paying attention to his careful word choice and message of responsibility and healing. Finally, the Elaborate scene invites students to examine contrasting reactions to Lincoln’s address and evaluate what those responses reveal about the nation’s readiness and willingness to reunite and move forward after the war.

Estimated Duration: 45–60 minutes

Vocabulary Words and Definitions

  • absentee voting: voting in an election without being physically present at the polling place, often by mail
  • ballots: paper or digital forms used by voters to record their choices in an election
  • furlough: a temporary leave from military service or work, often allowing soldiers to return home briefly
 

Objectives:

  • Explain how the Election of 1864, including the soldier vote, influenced support for Lincoln’s leadership
  • Identify how Lincoln described the cost of the Civil War and the need for unity in his Second Inaugural Address


This experience is designed as a sustained examination of a single, complex primary source to explore how historical meaning is shaped through language, perspective, and context. Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address provides insight into how a national leader interpreted an ongoing crisis and how Americans responded to that interpretation at the time. This experience helps students recognize that primary sources can act as records of facts and events while also revealing how people understood their world at the time.


Photograph of Abraham Lincoln standing on a raised platform at the U.S. Capitol during his second inauguration in 1865, surrounded by a large crowd of officials and spectators. Lincoln faces forward as he delivers his speech, with columns and architectural details of the Capitol visible behind him.

Abraham Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address


In times of conflict, people often look to leaders for guidance and reassurance. Consider how words and actions can influence unity or division, and then add your thoughts to both discussion walls.


How can a leader help bring people together during or after a conflict?

Post your answer

What kinds of words or actions might encourage peace instead of further division?

Post your answer

When reviewing student responses to the first discussion wall, guide a conversation that helps students think broadly about the role of leadership during times of conflict. Press students to move beyond naming traits and toward explaining how leaders’ words or actions can bring people together. Ask: How might a leader’s tone or choices affect how people feel during a conflict? and Why might people look to leaders for guidance when a situation feels uncertain or divided? Use student responses to surface ideas about trust, responsibility, and the power of leadership to shape public attitudes.

When reviewing student responses to the second discussion wall, guide students to focus more specifically on language and actions that encourage peace rather than division. Highlight responses that emphasize compromise, empathy, or restraint, and ask: How could these kinds of words or actions change how people see one another? and Why might choosing peace be difficult during or after a conflict? Use this discussion to help students recognize that calls for peace often require intentional choices and can be met with both hope and resistance, setting up the transition to examining Lincoln’s leadership and words in later scenes.


In this experience, you will learn how Abraham Lincoln’s leadership was shaped by wartime elections and how his Second Inaugural Address explained the cost of the Civil War while calling the nation to move forward together.

Objectives:

  • Explain how the Election of 1864, including the soldier vote, influenced support for Lincoln’s leadership
  • Identify how Lincoln described the cost of the Civil War and the need for unity in his Second Inaugural Address


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