Emerging Economic Systems


Students learn about the the economic-social systems of mercantilism, capitalism, and market economies. First they read an overview of feudalism, mercantilism, and capitalism. Then they examine mercantilism and use it to explain a world map of 1770 empires and colonies. Next they examine capitalism, including its relationship to democracy. Finally they learn about market economies and their relationship to capitalism.

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Overview

In this experience, students learn about the the economic-social systems of mercantilism, capitalism, and market economies. First they read an overview of feudalism, mercantilism, and capitalism. Then they examine mercantilism and use it to explain a world map of 1770 empires and colonies. Next they examine capitalism, including its relationship to democracy. Finally they learn about market economies and their relationship to capitalism. 

Objectives:

  • Explain the emergence of mercantilism during the age of exploration.
  • Analyze the relationship between capitalism and market economies.


Economics can have a big impact on the development of historical events. In this lesson, you will learn about several economic systems that emerged between the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries.

Objectives:

  • Explain the emergence of mercantilism during the age of exploration.
  • Analyze the relationship between capitalism and market economies.




Spain mined gold in its American colonies for minting coins.


One statistic that today’s economists use to measure the strength of a nation’s economy is the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The GDP measures the value added through the production of goods and services in a country over a defined period. The GDP includes the total amount spent on final goods and services, minus the cost of imports.
Watch a brief animation that shows the GDP of the world’s nations between 1960 and 2021: The History of World Economy.


Make an observation about the data in the animation.



Students may note throughout this period, the United States was the strongest economy. Russia was late to appear as a world economic power—with the fall of the Soviet Union. In 2021, there were still a few countries so poor that they do not appear on the map (North Korea, Yemen, and a few countries in sub-Sahara Africa). 


The economic systems used in most countries today emerged during the period spanning the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries. 


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